CentOS Minimal 安装和配置TIPS
16 Apr 2016 Author: GIGI WANGLinux 各种发行版虽然和Unix系非常相近,但还是有许多差别的。Linux更有趣吧.最近需要学习和测试,就在OSX平台下VirtualBox重新安装CentOS 7.由于机器本身性能原因,另外个人觉得Minimal安装不仅节约资源,而且可以更好的锻炼动手能力。再次把这次安装配置记录下来。
1.安装媒体介质是CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso(4.3GB.) 2.选择Minimal最小化安装。不包含KDE/GOME. 3.安装完成后进行配置,首先网络,试了ifconfig..(minimal不包含net-tools),需要自行安装,选择以CDROM(ISO)为安装源。 挂载光盘镜像:
# mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom # mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
2.设置源
为了使用光盘镜像安装源,配置yum.repo:
暂时将/etc/yum.repos.d目录下文件备份,新建CentOS-Iso.repo,添加下面内容:
# vi CentOS-Iso.repo
[base] name=iso baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom gpgcheck=0
3.安装设置网络
# yum install net-tools
虚拟机设置NAT和HOST-ONLY两个网卡,配置静态IP,配置文件:
# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfgX
YPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=192.168.56.100 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.56.0 IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no NAME=enp0s3 UUID=ad60e4e1-c250-47f2-a0d2-fa1fbdbb0bd2 DEVICE=enp0s3 ONBOOT=yes
配置好后重启网络,测试内外网是否正常。
# service network restart
4.关闭防火墙,CentOS 7 不是直接设置iptables
# systemctl stop firewalld.service && sudo systemctl disable firewalld.service
5.安装一些必备的软件如wget,php等看个人需要。
6.安装pip
# wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
7.设置时区和时间
查看当前时区
# python get-pip.py date -R
修改设置时区 tzselect
# cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
或在profile(/etc/bashrc)添加环境变量
TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ
设置时间更新同步
# yum install -y ntpdate
# ntpdate us.pool.ntp.org
8.设置管理员sudoers
# vim /etc/sudoers
添加:
## Allow root to run any commands anywhere root ALL=(ALL) ALL gwang ALL=(ALL) ALL
9.其它 终端ssh连接后警告:
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_CTYPE: cannot change locale (UTF-8): No such file or directory [gwang@localhost ~]$ locale locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LC_CTYPE=UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8" LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8" LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8" LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8" LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8" LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8" LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8" LC_ALL=
修复:
sudo vi /etc/environment
LANG=en_US.utf-8 LC_ALL=en_US.utf-8
10.继续..